The ISO 14064 family

Standard	Scope	Used here for
ISO 14064-1:2018	Quantifying and reporting GHG emissions and removals at organisation level	The corporate inventory
ISO 14064-2:2019	Quantifying GHG reductions from projects	Out of scope, unless project-level credits are claimed
ISO 14064-3:2019	Validation and verification of GHG statements	Assurance of the inventory and of forward-looking claims
ISO 14065:2020	Requirements for bodies that validate and verify	Choosing an accredited verifier
ISO 14066:2023	Competence of validation and verification teams	Checking the verifier team
ISO/TS 14064-4	Guidance on applying ISO 14064-1	Interpretation

Verification vs validation

The two words are easy to confuse. In ISO 14064-3 the difference is about time:

	Verification	Validation
Looks at	Historical data and events	Future-looking claims and assumptions
Typical subject	The annual GHG statement (e.g. "FY2025 emissions were 12,340 tCO₂e")	A reduction target, transition plan or projected reductions
Question asked	Is the statement fairly stated and free of material misstatement?	Are the assumptions, methods and limits reasonable and well supported?
Covered in	05-verification	06-validation

Relationship to the GHG Protocol

ISO 14064-1 and the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard are compatible. ISO 14064-1:2018 groups emissions into six categories rather than three scopes. See the category-to-scope mapping.